13/09/2013 |
May Peace and Prayers be upon the Arab, Hashemite Prophet
Your Beatitudes, Your Eminences, Your Graces,
Al-Salamu alaykum wa rahmatu Allah wa barakatuh, and welcome to Jordan, your second country and home. Jordan is a blessed country; small in size and meagre in resources; but large in spirit and rich in its people. It has contributed more to the peoples of neighbouring countries than any other country in the region or indeed the world—praise be to God alone. First, to the Palestinian people (since 1948 CE till this very day); then to the Lebanese people throughout their trials; then to the Iraqi people in the wars they suffered; and today to the people of Syria in its civil war.
Courageous and noble Jordanians have shared their ¬daily bread with their brethren the Syrian refugees; they have welcomed them; taken them in and embraced them more than any other country—we say this without detracting from the good and kind efforts of others. I personally believe that this is the secret behind the blessing of Jordan’s security and stability—in addition of course to the Hashemite Jordanian kings’ absolute rejection of any oppression, violence and bloodshed for political reasons or through injustice—by the grace of God alone. God says in the Holy Qur’an:
... Indeed God does not alter the state of a people unless they have altered the state of their souls... (Al-Ra’d: 13:11)
Today, His Majesty King Abdullah II ibn Al-Hussein—may God preserve and reward him—is convening this important conference as a continuation of these blessed endeavours. He has invited to it all the heads of churches in the Middle East and indeed the world, and he has also invited the international press so that a spotlight can be focused on what our Arab Christian friends and partners are going through in the Middle East. We in Jordan feel—that for the first time in hundreds of years—Arab Christians have become targeted in some countries; that they are suffering not only because of the blind and deaf sedition (finah) that everyone has suffered from in certain Arab countries since the beginning of what is incorrectly called ‘the Arab Spring’, but also merely because they are Christians. We reject this categorically and completely. First: we reject it according to our sacred law, as Muslims before God . Second: we reject it morally, as Arabs and as fellow tribesmen. Third: we reject it emotionally, as neighbours and dear friends. And fourth: we reject it personally, as human beings. God says in the Holy Qur’an:
O people, fear your Lord, Who created you of a single soul, and from it created its mate, and from the pair of them scattered many men and women; and fear God by whom you claim [your rights] from one another and kinship ties. Surely God has been watchful over you. (Al-Nisa’, 4:1)
And God says:
God does not forbid you in regard to those who did not wage war against you on account of religion and did not expel you from your homes, that you should treat them kindly and deal with them justly. Assuredly God loves the just. (Al-Mumtahanah, 60:8)
For the last 1300 years, we Arab Muslims and Christians have been one indivisible society. And for the last 1300 years, we have been cherished friends and partners in these lands. I cannot quantify here the great role that Arab Christians have played on all levels and fields in the building of our countries, and in defending them against all who have attacked us, but, I must remind myself, and the world, of two points:
First: Christians were in this region before Muslims. They are not strangers, nor colonialists, nor foreigners. They are the natives of these lands and Arabs, just as Muslims are. Second: throughout their long history in this region, Muslims have never forced anyone to convert to Islam against their will—indeed, compulsion is contrary to God’s words in the Holy Qur’an: ‘There is no compulsion in religion ...’ (Al-Baqarah: 2:256); ‘you are not a taskmaster over them.’ (Al-Ghashiyah, 88:22); ‘... and you are not [to be] a coercer of them ...’ (Qaf, 50:45); and ‘... so whoever will, let him believe, and whoever will, let him disbelieve ...’ (Al-Kahf, 18:29), and ‘You have your religion and I have a religion’.’ (Al-Kafirun, 109:6). In return, Arab Christians have always been the support and reinforcement of Arab Muslims against foreign aggression. This has been true ever since the Prophet Muhammad’s army was sent to Jordan in the Battle of Mu’tah during the Prophet’s own lifetime. In that battle, the Arab Christian tribes fought alongside the Prophet’s army against the Byzantines—which is how they earned their tribal name ‘Al-Uzayzat’ (The Reinforcements), and here they are among us till this very day and they are still honoured among Muslims—praise be to God alone. This paradigm continued throughout history up until the 20th century CE. During the struggles against colonialism, Christians were in the frontlines. In the wars with Israel, they carried arms in defense of our countries alongside Muslims at every turn. Now that they have become oppressed in Syria, Iraq and Egypt, their churches are burned and their priests, monks and nuns are kidnapped and sometimes killed, yet they do not carry arms to defend themselves. They observe the words of Jesus Christ the Messiah : ‘... but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also...’ (Matthew, 5:39). For our part, as Muslims, we must recall all these things—and recall also that the Christians of Abyssinia were the first to take in and protect Muslims when Muslims were weak and Christians were strong. Accordingly, we cannot allow any Christians—or indeed any religious or racial minorities—to be oppressed for any reason whatsoever.
Dear friends, two further points:
First: the democracy which we should be seeking is not to reach power through the ballot box so that a majority or a plurality can suppress a minority. This is ‘the dictatorship of the majority’, demagoguery and injustice. It entrenches division and is the beginning of civil sectarian and denominational wars and sedition (fitnah). True democracy consists of: democratic culture; the separation of powers and checks and balances; consensus among all segments of society on a constitution; and inalienable human rights for all citizens; convening until mutual agreement is met or agreed to by 90% of the people—as was the case in America when their constitution was drafted—thereby, following the ‘overwhelming majority (al-sawad al-a’zam) of people’ ; and respecting everyone, whatever their faith or beliefs. Only then should governments be changed according to the will of the majority or the plurality, by elections.
It is worth mentioning that the State in Islam is not established based on majority opinion but on consensus. Moreover, the two basic pillars of the political system in Islam are: bay’ah (oath of allegiance to a leader) and shura (consultation) and both are built on consensus and mutual agreement. This is the main difference between the Islamic political system and the wrong-minded kind of democracy.
Second, and finally: we Muslims face two paradigms in dealing with our Arab Christian neighbours. The first is negative and condemned by God’s words in the Holy Qur’an:
Perish the men of the ditch! / of the fire abounding in fuel, / when they sat by it, / and they themselves, to what they did to those who believed, were witnesses. (Al-Buruj, 85:4-7)
‘Those who believed’ in the above verse refers to the Christians of Najran, and God curses those who tortured and killed them.
As for the second paradigm: it is the correct one; the one that the Prophet Muhammad implemented when he welcomed his Christian neighbours from Najran and invited them to pray in his own mosque in Medina according to their own beliefs and practices. This noble, beautiful paradigm continued from the time of the Prophet Muhammad and his Companions through the Covenant of the Caliph Omar through the time of el-Emir al-Sharif Abdul-Kader al-Jaza’iri. Emir Abdul-Kader, after 25 years of fighting the French occupation of Algeria, was exiled by the French to Damascus. When a mob rose in sedition against the Christians of Damascus in 1860 CE, Abdul-Kader al-Jaza’iri rose with his sword and his Algerian guards against the mob to defend the Christians—as Islamic Law decrees—saying: ‘I will not abandon a single Christian. They are my brothers’ .
This is our paradigm today and it is the right one according to Islamic Law, and the right one morally speaking. The essence of Islam is submission to God and His commands, not that Muslims should be a massive international worldly gang that fights other gangs because they subscribe to beliefs different from our own—even if they are unjust to Muslims at times. God says in the Holy Qur’an:
O you who believe, be upright before God, witnesses in equity. Let not hatred of a people cause you not to be just; be just, that is nearer to God-fearing. And fear God; surely God is aware of what you do. (Al-Ma’idah, 5:8).
I welcome you once again and wish this conference every success; may God accept and bless it.
wal-Salamu alaykum wa rahmatu Allah wa barakatuh
‘And their final prayer will be: “Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds”.’ (Yunus, 10:10)
